A court in Medan, on western Sumatra island, also ordered Vast Haris Nasution to pay a 10 million rupiah (USD 750) fine after he was found guilty last week under laws that ban the trade in orangutans.
Authorities detained him in February in North Sumatra province with the critically endangered Sumatran orangutan in his bag, according to the local resource conservation office, which is responsible for monitoring wildlife crime in the area.
There are estimated to be only 6,000 to 7,000 Sumatran orangutans remaining in the wild, with hundreds dying every year due to poaching and deforestation.
The rescued baby ape -- who has been named "Cita Ria", which means "happy feeling" in Indonesian -- is being cared for by the Sumatran Orangutan Conservation Programme (SOCP) and will eventually be returned to the wild.
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Under Indonesian law, illegally trading in orangutans can be punishable by up to five years in jail and a 100 million rupiah fine.
But activists said it was only a small step. With wildlife crime and trafficking still rampant, Singleton warned there would be very few orangutans left in the wild in 15 years.
"Effective law enforcement and the threat of serious consequences for those involved is an essential component of the conservation arsenal if there is to be any hope of preventing the extinction of orangutans, and many other heavily traded and persecuted species here," he said.