The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) gave the recommendations after a two-year study of Goa and Uttarakhand titled 'state level policy research and engagement for mainstreaming urban resilience'.
It said while both urban and rural areas are vulnerable to climate change, its impacts on cities and towns are of particular concern due to high concentrations of people and infrastructure.
"TERI recommended the dovetailing of appropriate measures into the national and sub-national planning, such as the town planning schemes and city development plans.
Terming cities engines of growth, Director General TERI Ajay Mathur said they should be resilient engines, capable of adapting to and absorbing the impacts of extreme climate events.
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Meanwhile, Additional Secretary in Environment Ministry R R Rashmi noted city systems are complex and underlined the need to focus on city-based emissions instead of sectoral emissions.
TERI said some of other key recommendations and insights from the study are institutionalising decision support systems which includes establishing a knowledge repository of climate data at the state level and vulnerability analysis for urban areas in the state.