The comments by General Hossein Dehghan come after he chastised parliament this weekend for asking questions about Russia using the Shahid Nojeh Air Base to refuel its bombers striking Syria.
His remarks today, reported by state television, signal officials beginning to recognise how unpopular the decision could be with the public.
There was no immediate response from Moscow.
Today, state TV quoted Dehghan as saying that Russia "will use the base for a very short and fixed span, corresponding (to) operation in Syria." So far, Russia has carried out three days' worth of strikes from the base.
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Responding to a question about why Iran didn't initially announce Russia's presence at the airfield, Dehghan appeared prickly on the state TV broadcast.
"Russians are interested to show they are a superpower to guarantee their share in political future of Syria and, of course, there has been a kind of show-off and ungentlemanly (attitude) in this field," he said.
For Iran, allowing Russia to launch strikes from inside the country is likely to prove unpopular. Many still remember how Russia, alongside Britain, invaded and occupied Iran during World War II to secure oil fields and Allied supply lines. But while Britain withdrew, Russia refused to leave, sparking the first international rebuke by the nascent United Nations Security Council in 1946.
Analysts have suggested Russia potentially leveraged Iran into allowing it to use the airfield over either economic or military interests, such as Tehran wanting to purchase Sukhoi-30 fighter jets or its deployment of Russian S-300 air defence missile systems.