The bulk of the blasts struck the Iraqi capital shortly after nightfall. Authorities reported seven car bomb explosions across Baghdad, including one near a playground that killed two children.
Iraq is weathering its deadliest outburst of violence since 2008, raising fears the country is returning to the widespread sectarian killing that pushed it to the brink of civil war in the years after the 2003 US-led invasion.
The United Nations envoy to Iraq condemned the attack and said rising violence in Ninevah province requires "urgent action and strengthened security cooperation" between regional authorities and the central government.
Another suicide bomber struck hours later, setting off an explosives belt inside a cafe in Tuz Khormato, killing three and wounding 28, police chief Col Hussein Ali Rasheed said.
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The attacks struck as Muslims around the world this week mark the religious holiday of Eid al-Adha, or the Feast of Sacrifice. It is a time for family celebrations and outings.
The Baghdad explosions went off in quick succession as families were heading out to parks, coffee shops and restaurants in the evening, police said.
Back-to-back car bombs exploded about two blocks away from each other in the mainly Shiite neighbourhood of Husseiniyah, killing a total of 11 and wounding 22, authorities said.
Police also reported that a suicide bomber drove a car packed with explosives into a police checkpoint in the southern district of Dora, killing five people, including three police officers, and wounding nine.
Two parked car bombs exploded near an outdoor market and shops in the mixed Shiite and Christian neighbourhood of Garage al-Amana, killing eight and wounding 15, officials said. Hospital officials confirmed the casualties.