One of those decapitated was presented by the IS offshoot Sinai Province as a "spy for the military intelligence" services, while it said the other was a "spy for the army".
The images which were distributed on Twitter yesterday night were deemed authentic by US monitor SITE Intelligence Group.
The IS affiliate is waging an insurgency in the restive peninsula that has killed hundreds of soldiers and policemen since the military overthrew Islamist president Mohamed Morsi in 2013.
IS said it had smuggled a bomb onto the plane at an airport in the south of the peninsula.
The Sinai jihadists pledged allegiance in November 2014 to IS, which controls parts of Iraq and Syria.