Just after Friday prayers around 500 protesters set off from central Cairo's Sahib Rumi mosque chanting, "Wake up, don't be afraid, the army must leave!".
By mid-afternoon, thousands were marching from different mosques in Cairo and several governorates in response to the call by the Muslim Brotherhood's National Alliance to Support Legitimacy.
The alliance has released a statement on Wednesday saying that August 30 would be "the beginning of a civil disobedience campaign to pressure the putschists to end the coup."
Police have blocked areas around expected marching destinations. In Mohandessin, Central Security Forces (CSF) fired teargas and shots into the air to prevent protesters approaching Sphinx Square.
More From This Section
A CSF officer warned that those breaking the cordon around the square would be arrested.
Outside the capital, protests were reported in the northern cities of Alexandria, Beheira, and Menoufiya, Upper Egypt's Assiut and the Delta's Gharbiya.
The only reported clash between protesters and security forces was outside a mosque in Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo, according to state television.
The alliance warned of more sit-ins in the coming few days. In a statement yesterday, it said massacres against peaceful protesters, such as those that took place at sit-ins at Rabea al-Adawiyah and Al-Nahda Square that resulted in the deaths of hundreds, will not deter the group.
The Muslim Brotherhood-linked organisation called on Egyptians to recover their "stolen revolution" and to "restore their freedom."
The Brotherhood has been attempting to amass its followers despite the sensed communication difficulties between its cadres after the security arrests.
The army-backed government has arrested most of the leaders of Muslim Brotherhood since Morsi was toppled on July 3.