Flight 469 a Boeing 747 with 370 passengers and 17 crew members aboard landed safely back at Ben Gurion Airport around 2:30 am (local time), about two hours after it left for John F Kennedy International Airport in New York.
Delta spokeswoman Jennifer Martin said the crew made the emergency landing "out of an abundance of caution."
The emergency landing came amid heightened sensitivity in Israel, as the military continues to exchange rocket fire with Palestinian militants. Martin said there was no indication the plane's problem was related to the conflict or terrorism.
Hamas has said it intends to fire rockets at the airport and warned foreign airlines to stop flying to Israel.
Delta issued a travel advisory earlier this week labelled "Israel Unrest" saying it would continue operating flights on the New York-Tel Aviv route but that it would allow passengers booked while the conflict continues to cancel or change their tickets without penalty.
Radar images showed Flight 469 was in a holding pattern above the Mediterranean Sea, off the Israeli coast, for more than an hour to dump fuel before returning to Tel Aviv.