The sentencing of Khalida Jarrar culminated a case that has attracted widespread attention. Jarrar is a popular figure in the West Bank and well known for her fiery speeches against Israel.
Jarrar was arrested last April in a raid on her home for allegedly violating Israeli travel restrictions that barred her from Ramallah, the West Bank city where her family lives. She was subsequently charged with incitement and membership in an illegal organisation.
Hanan Ashrawi, a senior Palestinian official, said there was "no legal basis" for the sentencing. In a statement issued on behalf of the Palestine Liberation Organization's Executive Committee, she said it violated Jarrar's parliamentary immunity and called for her immediate release.
"The actions of the military court are politically motivated and are part of a deliberate attack on Palestinian politicians," she said. "It is high time for the dehumanization and the captivity of the Palestinian people to end."
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In a statement, the army said Jarrar was convicted under a plea agreement Sunday in a military court for her PFLP membership and for allegedly calling for Palestinians to kidnap Israeli soldiers in order to win the release of Palestinian prisoners held by Israel.
Jarrar is also an outspoken feminist activist who was involved in a Palestinian bid to press for war crimes charges against Israel at the International Criminal Court.
In the latest violence, a Palestinian official said a Palestinian youth was shot and killed early Tuesday in clashes with Israeli soldiers at the Deheishe refugee camp in the West Bank.