Cairo, a key mediator in truce negotiations between Israel and Gaza's Hamas rulers, was also expected to host a Palestinian delegation later this week.
Hamas has rejected a ceasefire in the brutal 23-day conflict without guarantees to an end of the blockade of Gaza, while Israel says it is intent on destroying tunnels used by militants to conduct attacks on its territory.
The Cairo airport officials did not identify the two-member Israeli delegation, but said they were scheduled to depart after a visit of several hours, in which they would discuss proposals for a truce.