Nearly half of women prefer taller men to make them feel more feminine and protected, researchers said.
According to the research from Rice University and the University of North Texas, the height of a potential partner matters more to women than to men, and mostly for femininity and protection.
The study was conducted in two parts. Part one, which used data from personal dating advertisements of 455 males (average height of 5 feet 8 inches and average age of 36 years) and 470 females (average height of 5 feet 4 inches and average age of 35 years) from throughout the US, found that 13.5 per cent of the men wanted to date only women shorter than they are.
"Evolutionary psychology theory argues that 'similarity is overwhelmingly the rule in human mating,'" said Michael Emerson, the study's co-author.
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"However, our study suggests that for physical features such as height, similarity is not the dominant rule, especially with females," said Emerson.
The second part of the study included 54 male (average height of 5 feet 9 inches) and 131 female volunteers (average height of 5 feet 4 inches) recruited from a US university.
The participants answered open-ended questions in an online survey. The findings were similar to the first part of the study: 37 per cent of male respondents wanted to date only women shorter than they are, while 55 per cent of female respondents wanted to date only men taller than they are.
Men were much less likely to say that height mattered, and for those that did, they preferred shorter women, but not so short that it would cause problems with physical intimacy.
George Yancey, the study's lead author, believes that the height preferences of men and women can be explained by traditional societal expectations and gender stereotypes.
He noted that it is a widespread perception that tall height is a personal asset for men and a personal liability for women.
The study appears in the Journal of Family Issues.