Jaitley is currently a Rajya Sabha member from Gujarat, Pradhan is a member from Bihar and Javadekar is an MP from Madhya Pradesh.
The party also announced the names of five other Union ministers and one general secretary for the upcoming Rajya Sabha polls in various states who will contest from the same states they have been elected from.
Social Justice Minister Thawarchand Gehlot will contest from Madhya Pradesh, Law Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad from Bihar and J P Nadda from Himachal Pradesh, the party said in a statement.