The R&B icon debuted "Unbreakable", the follow-up to 2008's "Discipline", in pole position, earning Jackson her seventh US number one.
Only Barbra Streisand and Madonna have more chart-toppers for a female artist, with 10 and eight, respectively.
The feat also makes Jackson, 49, only the third artist in Billboard history to score a number one in each of the last four decades; Streisand and Bruce Springsteen are the other two musicians.
Thanking fans for their unwavering support on Twitter, the singer wrote, "Never for a single moment did I ever go without your love. You made me feel wanted. I wanna (sic) tell you how important you are to me. Truth is that I wouldn't be here without the love I stand on... Thank you".
Singer Tamar Braxton rounded out the new top five with "Calling All Lovers".