Young skiers - many in their teens or early 20s - were asleep on the bus when it careened off the road before dawn in the ski resort town of Karuizawa yesterday, the country's worst such accident for 25 years.
Twelve students aged between 19 and 22 as well as the driver and a second driver were all killed, and 26 others injured. Police are investigating bus operator ESP and Keyth Tour, a Tokyo travel agency which organised the ski package tour, but authorities have yet to announce the cause of the accident.
But the Transport Ministry suspects the bus company may have violated safety regulations - by failing to give the driver written instructions on what route to take - according to the Yomiuri Shimbun and the Mainichi Shimbun newspapers.
One expert quoted by the Yomiuri also suggested the bus operator may be at fault.
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The accident occurred only days after authorities imposed penalties on the company for failing to give required medical checkups to some drivers. The operator did not immediately comment but the travel agency boss denied the company neglected safety standards and promised to help bereaved families. But Tomokazu Abe, whose daughter Marie, a 22-year- old student who was among the victims, hit out at the agency.
"They didn't contact us and I have called but no one answered," he told reporters. "I can't trust them. I can't feel their sincerity."