Toshimitsu Motegi and his Chinese counterpart Gao Hucheng agreed to put political tensions to one side to boost bilateral economic ties, when they met on the sidelines of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (Apec) forum in Qingdao, Kyodo news agency reported.
It was the first Cabinet-level meeting since hawkish Japanese premier Shinzo Abe's visit to Yasukuni Shrine on December 26 provoked outrage in Beijing, inflaming diplomatic tensions already running high over a bitter territorial dispute.
"Although Japan and China have difficult issues, we agreed that we should proceed with cooperation between the two countries based on our mutually beneficial and strategic relationship," Motegi was quoted by Japanese state broadcaster NHK as saying following the meeting in the Chinese port city.
Relations between the Asian giants plunged to their lowest in years in September 2012 after Japan nationalised part of a South China Sea island chain known as the Senkakus in Japan and the Diaoyus in China.
Paramilitary vessels from both sides have shadow-boxed in waters around the islands since then, with some observers warning of the risk of a limited military confrontation that could have disastrous regional implications.
However, in recent months the temperature has cooled and there have been signs that the two sides, who are economically interdependent, are moving toward a diplomatic detente.