The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) unveiled the plan for a moon lander to a council of the cabinet office and the ministry of education, culture, sports science and technology, a JAXA official said.
If successful, Japan will be the fourth country to send an unmanned probe to the moon after Russia, the United States and China.
"This is an initial step and a lot of procedures are still ahead before the plan is formally approved," the official said.
The probe, named SLIM (Smart Lander for Investigating Moon), will be carried by the nation's solid-fuel "Epsilon" rocket, the newspaper said, adding that the ministry plans to request a budget for the programme next year.
If successful, Japan will be the fourth country to send an unmanned probe to the moon after Russia, the United States and China, the daily said.