Guha's fellow winners this year are Thant Myint-U (Grand Prize) and Minh Hanh (Arts and Culture). Fukuoka Prize honours those who have made outstanding contributions to academia, arts and culture across Asia.
"Ramachandra Guha, a leading Indian historian, pioneered the new horizon of environmental history viewed from the general public's viewpoints. His works present thorough explanations of the complex history of India, a country with a great diversity of languages, ethnicities, religions, and castes.
"At the same time, his books vividly illustrate the actual state of the Indian democratic system, shedding light on our current multi-dimensional and chaotic world," Guha's citation says.
The awards will be presented on September 17 at the Fukuoka International Congress Centre. On September 19, Guha will also give a lecture on "Gandhi, India and the World". Previous winners of Fukuoka Awards include Mohammad Yunus, Romila Thapar, Ashis Nandy and Mo Yan.