Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meeting would provide a "natural" environment for Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and Chinese President Xi Jinping to meet on the sidelines.
Beijing will be hosting this year's annual meeting for the 21-member group.
"APEC is where world leaders gather, and I believe it would be quite appropriate (for Abe and Xi) to hold talks on the sidelines, as other members of international society do," Suga said at the Foreign Correspondents' Club of Japan.
It's highly unusual for the leaders of the two countries not to meet for so long after taking office. Abe became prime minister in December 2012, and Xi assumed the presidency in March 2013.
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Relations between Japan and China have been tense over island disputes in the East China Sea, exploitation of undersea gas deposits in the area, as well as wartime history.
Their ties turned colder late last year when Abe visited a controversial Tokyo shrine, where Japanese World War II leaders convicted as war criminals are honoured among the 2.5 million dead.