International Monetary Fund chief Christine Lagarde and Cherie Blair, wife of former British prime minister Tony Blair, will be speakers at the "World Assembly for Women in Tokyo" or "WAW! Tokyo".
In an interview with the leading Nikkei business daily last month, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said the conference would be a "Davos meeting for women", referring to the World Economic Forum event held annually in the Swiss city.
"We hope that this assembly will be an opportunity to share experiences over how to overcome challenges in empowering women, such as work-life balance and socially persistent assumptions of gender roles," said a foreign ministry official involved in setting up the meeting.
The conservative Abe has been pushing to boost the number of working women in Japan to help kickstart growth in the world's number three economy.
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The country has one of the lowest rates of female workforce participation in the developed world and most economists agree it badly needs to increase the number of working women to grow its economy as the population rapidly ages.
The issue of entrenched sexism within Japanese society was highlighted in June after Tokyo city council members from Abe's ruling Liberal Democratic Party hurled sexist jeers at an assembly women during a debate on motherhood.