The airline said the passengers and the crew landed safely.
It was operating a Boeing 777-300ER plane.
Sources said the flight suffered a tail strike while taking off from Amsterdam to Toronto and later faced pressurisation problems.
Following the issues, the pilot decided to return to Amsterdam, they added.
A Jet Airways spokesperson said the flight 9W 234 returned to Amsterdam due to a "suspected tail scrape during take-off".
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"The aircraft, with 337 guests and 15 crew, landed safely and is currently being inspected by Jet Airways' engineering team," he said in a statement.
In January this year, a Jet Airways plane's tail had touched the runway during landing at the Dhaka airport. The flight was from Mumbai.