"The international community and the EU in particular should adopt a firm position to halt these serious aggressions and violations" by the Jewish state, he told Donald Tusk.
The king, quoted by the royal palace, warned that the Al-Aqsa clashes would have "serious consequences," especially in the absence of peace talks between Israel and the Palestinians that have been stalled since April 2014.
Jews visited the site in annexed east Jerusalem for the start of the Jewish New Year on September 13, sparking days of clashes between Muslims and Israeli police on and near the plaza that houses the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa mosques.
Jordan, which has custodian rights over the Al-Aqsa mosque compound, withdrew its ambassador from Tel Aviv after similar clashes in November 2014.