Justice Lowell Goddard opened a wide-ranging public inquiry into decades of abuse in Britain's schools, hospitals and other institutions, vowing that "no one, no matter how apparently powerful, will be allowed to obstruct our inquiries."
A dam of official silence around child abuse in Britain began to break after the 2011 death of entertainer Jimmy Savile, when dozens came forward to say he had abused them.
Earlier this year Goddard, a judge from New Zealand, was appointed to investigate how public agencies including government bodies, police, hospitals, the army, churches and the BBC handled allegations.
Goddard said abuse has been systematically under-reported by police and "the true picture may be even worse than the current figures indicate." She said estimates from a childcare charity suggest one UK child in every 20 has been sexually abused; some academics believe the level is higher.
The abuse claims reach so deeply into British society that finding someone to lead the inquiry was problematic. Two previous chairwomen were appointed and then rejected because of their connections to the establishment.
While the inquiry doesn't have the power to find people guilty of crimes, Goddard said it will not hesitate to name abusers, regardless of their positions in society.