Kohli led India to nine wins out of 12 Tests in the year goneby.
Englishman Ben Stokes won the Test Batting Performance of the Year for his incredible counterattacking innings of 258 runs off 198 balls against South Africa in Cape Town.
Stokes team-mate Stuart Broad's 6 for 17 in the third Test ensured a series victory for England and fetched him the Test Bowling Performance of the Year award - for the second year running.
Winners were selected by an independent jury including former cricket greats, ESPNcricinfo's senior editors, writers and global correspondents, comprising Ian Chappell, Mahela Jayawardene, Ramiz Raja, Isa Guha, Sambit Bal, Courtney Walsh, Mark Butcher and Simon Taufel among others.
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Mystery spinner Sunil Narine was awarded the ODI Bowling Performance of the Year award for his 6 for 27 against South Africa in the Tri-Nation series in Guyana.
Carlos Brathwaite received the T20 Batting Performance of the Year award for his 34 not out against England in the World T20 final in Kolkata, in which he hit four consecutive sixes off the last over to win West Indies the match.
Bangladesh left-arm fast bowler Mustafizur Rahman took away the T20 Bowling Performance of the Year award for his 5 for 22 during the World T20 against New Zealand in Kolkata.
This year ESPNcricinfo introduced awards for women's cricket across all three international formats.
West Indian Hayley Williams received the Batting Performance of the Year award for her match-winning 66 off 45 balls performance in the World T20 final against three-time champions Australia.
Leigh Kasperek, the talented New Zealand offspinner, took the Bowling Performance of the Year award for her 3 for 13 spell, defeating Australia in the teams' World T20 group match.
"The tenth year has seen some inspirational talent come to the fore, we are pleased to introduce winners from women and Associates cricket this year.