It reported that 32 winners of major city marathons -- London, Boston, Chicago, New York, Berlin and Tokyo -- should have faced investigation over potential blood doping following test results -- a quarter of the overall total.
The newspaper did not provide dates for when its statistics allegedly apply or identify the athletes involved.
London Marathon chief executive Nick Bitel said in a statement today that organisers were "very concerned" by the allegations and said the race had a "zero tolerance policy" on doping.
"We continue to be at the forefront of anti-doping measures for marathon runners as we are determined to make marathon running a safe haven from doping but we cannot do it all on our own and rely heavily on the IAAF."
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In a separate development Britain's Mo Farah -- who won Olympic gold medals in 2012 for the 5,000m and 10,000m -- is one of eight athletes who have agreed to release their own blood test data, the newspaper reported.
"The decision to release my results is a personal one -- I've always said that I'm happy to do what it takes to prove that I'm a clean athlete," he was quoted as saying.
Last week's publication by the Sunday Times and German broadcaster ARD of evidence of hundreds of allegedly suspicious blood tests has drawn a robust response from officials.
The governing body for athletics, the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), has strongly rejected the claims and said the two experts at the centre of the allegations were "naive" and had used "incomplete data".
The World Anti-Doping Agency said Friday it would "urgently" investigate the allegations.