Kho replaces Hun Kim, who is now Deputy Director General of ADB's South Asia Department in Manila.
Kho was previously heading Bangladesh Resident Mission of ADB, the agency said in a statement today.
"India is one of the ADB's most important clients. For ADB, it has been a privilege to partner with the Government of India and support the government's development agenda. I look forward to working closely with the Government to take this partnership forward," Kho said in the statement.
Prior to joining ADB, Kho spent 12 years in the US private sector performing various functions for large companies like General Electric, Sun Microsystems, and Raychem.
ADB, based in Manila, was established in 1966 and it is owned by 67 members -- 48 from the region.