"The international community must be very firm in its handling of this latest provocation, in order to get North Korea to unconditionally return to talks and proceed with the complete, verifiable and irreversible dismantlement of its nuclear and ballistic programmes," Macron said in a statement.
He called on the UN Security Council to "quickly react" to the escalation and also urged the European Union to come up with a "clear and united" response.
Hydrogen bombs or H-bombs -- also known as thermonuclear devices -- are far more powerful than the relatively simple atomic weapons the North was believed to have tested so far.
The announcement drew swift and strong condemnation from regional powers, including Pyongyang ally China.
US President Donald Trump, who last month threatened North Korea with "fire and fury" for firing two-long range ballistic missiles, had yet to react.
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