The decision to implement the scheme, named APJ Abdul Kalam Amrut Yojna, was approved at a meeting of the state Cabinet chaired by Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis.
The scheme, an initiative of Tribal Development department, has been announced to mark the completion of one year of the BJP-led government.
It would be implemented by anganwadis that fall under Women and Child Welfare Department in 16 districts having tribal population.
Under the scheme, the government has planned to provide "one full hot cooked nutritious food" to every pregnant (in third trimester) and lactating mother (first three months post-delivery) in tribal areas of the state.
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The scheme aims to curb malnutrition among tribal children by providing nutrition to women for six months at when baby growth is at its peak.
As per the estimate, over 1.8 lakh tribal women across Maharashtra are supposed to be covered under the scheme every year.
The scheme will replace the 'Take Home Ration' scheme that provides packets of sheera or upma to expectant or lactating mothers.
This will increase the proposed cost of the meal from Rs 7.92 to Rs 22 per beneficiary.