Presenting a new national counter-terrorism strategy in parliament, President Abdulla Yameen said the government would work to tackle "violent extremism and terrorism" and safeguard the islands' prized tourist resorts.
While the president did not specifically mention Islamic extremism, according to the government nearly 50 people have travelled to war-battered Syria from the Indian Ocean archipelago, which is Sunni Muslim by law and has a population of about 350,000.
To date there has been no violence by jihadists in the Maldives.
However, Yameen told the People's Majlis, or parliament: "Today, one of the biggest threats to the people and the national security of the Maldives emanates from the dangers posed by violent extremism and terrorism."
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The strategy focuses on drafting new national security laws, improving intelligence gathering, safeguarding tourist resorts -- a major part of the archipelago's economy -- and beefing up its international cooperation on terrorism.
In its policy statement, the government said the "difficult truth today is that there are people, however small in number, in the Maldives who are motivated by and cultivate violent extremist and terrorist ideology".
It comes as the Maldives grapples with political turmoil that has dented its image as a luxury holiday destination.
Former president Mohamed Nasheed was sentenced to 13 years in prison last year on a terrorism charge that has been widely criticised.
He secured political asylum in Britain last month while on prison leave for medical treatment.
Nasheed has said that up to 200 Maldivians were fighting for IS in Iraq and Syria.