The Maldives foreign ministry said policies that Iran were pursing in the Middle East were "detrimental to peace and security in the region", without giving details.
In a statement issued late on Tuesday, the ministry said it was severing ties because stability in the Gulf was "also linked to stability, peace and security of the Maldives".
The politically troubled Indian Ocean archipelago officially established diplomatic ties with Iran in 1975, although neither has an embassy or consulate in the other's country.
After that meeting, Yameen said he hoped the two countries could strengthen ties and that the Maldives, made up of 340,000 Sunni Muslims, could start importing oil from Iran -- the Middle East's foremost Shiite power.
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Saudi Arabia, a Sunni Muslim power, has recently stepped up financial support for the Maldives by pledging USD 50 million in funding for a military housing project on the island nation, the Maldivesindependent.Com website reported.
Male was also seeking USD 100 million from Riyadh for an expansion of its main airport, the local news website said.
In January Saudi Arabia and Iran severed diplomatic relations. Riyadh cut ties with Tehran after Iranian demonstrators burned its embassy and a consulate following the Saudi execution of a prominent Shiite cleric.