"Marshall Madou", real name Madou Kante, was driving in the capital Bamako around 1 am when a gunman fired several bullets at him, according to a family member.
"The bullets hit him mostly in the chest. He is in hospital," the family member told AFP, requesting anonymity.
Malian media published images of Kante shirtless and standing upright in hospital, with dressings covering his chest and upper right arm.
Kante took part in protests this month organised by opponents of a constitutional referendum framed by the government as an important step towards enshrining a peace deal in the national charter.
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But Kante has made many enemies with his popular show the "Madou Ka Journal", notably attacking corruption and nepotism in Mali.
One of his close associates, Oumar Diakite, told AFP he would not "accuse anyone without proof".
Government sources said several ministers had visited him at his bedside, and he remained in hospital on Tuesday.