Deputy Superintendent of Police, Sachivalay, Shibli Nomani said, the man, a resident of Masauri block of Patna district, came to the chief minister's residence carrying some poisonous material which he consumed.
He was then taken to Patna Medical College and Hospital, Nomani said.
The chief minister, however, was not at his residence as he had gone to Gaya in connection with some official programme, officials in the Chief Minister's Office said.
The DSP said the police were investigating the cause behind the incident.