The man, Upendra Mohanty, hurled the three bombs in quick succession at the court, also designated as the CBI court, in the premises, the sources said.
CBI judge Manoj Kumar Panda was not present in the courtroom as the bombs were hurled during the lunch break, eye witnesses said.
Lawyers who were present chased the man, caught him and handed him over to the police.
Mohanty, police sources said, was jailed twice earlier for hurling bombs in the premises of the Supreme Court and the SDJM court here in 1997.