The two fossilised tooth fragments are believed to be from a dinosaur that was more than 7 meters long, officials at the Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum and the Nagasaki city board of education said.
However, it is difficult to identify the species from just the fragments, they said.
One of the fragments, measuring 35.4 mm by 26.8 mm by 11.2 mm, forms roughly half of an estimated 6-cm-long tooth from the root, Kyodo News agency reported.
Sharp protrusions show they were the teeth of a carnivore, the officials said.
More From This Section
The fossils were discovered in July 2011 in the Mitsuze layer on the west coast of the Nagasaki Peninsula by Kazunori Miyata, chief researcher at the museum.
The finding extended the known range of carnivorous dinosaurs to 13 prefectures in Japan, from Iwate in the northeast to Kagoshima in the southwest.
The Mitsuze layer, which is believed to have been formed in the late Cretaceous Period about 84 million years ago, has been a rich source of fossils, Miyata said.