As the stir affected health services and put hundreds of patients to hardships, the court observed that "medical attention" cannot wait, adding that the profession of doctors is so "sacred" that they cannot afford to go on strike.
Union Health Minister J P Nadda also joined Fadnavis in appealing to the resident doctors to get back to work and asked states to take measures to improve security of doctors.
Last night, a woman doctor of the civic-run Sion hospital here was allegedly beaten up by the relatives of a patient, which made the stand of the protesting medicos more strident.
Nearly 4,000 resident doctors are staying away from work since Monday, demanding enhanced security in the wake of a string of attacks on doctors by patients' relatives at government hospitals across the state.
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The high court said the issues and demands of the doctors can be amicably resolved with the state government.
A division bench of Chief Justice Manjula Chellur and Justice G S Kulkarni was today hearing a petition filed by activist Afak Mandaviya seeking action against the protesting doctors.
"The doctors will have to first go and resume their duty. All other issues can be amicably sorted out gradually," Justice Chellur said.
"We understand that the doctors are working in strained and horrible conditions sometimes, but we request them to resume work immediately," she said.
State Advocate General Rohit Deo informed the HC that the government has decided to deploy an additional 1,100 armed police personnel from Maharashtra State Security Corporation in all the state and civic-run hospitals.
"The first lot of 500 police personnel will be deployed at hospitals in Mumbai on April 5. The remaining 600 will be deployed at hospitals across the state by April 30," he said.
"This will be in addition to the already deployed policemen at the hospitals," Deo said.
"You (doctors) resume work and see if everything is done as assured by the government. We will hear the matter every fortnight and supervise the issue," the judges said.
The high court further observed that in the past too the government had made assurances but still the doctors have gone on protest.
"There must be something amiss then. But the doctors should also not resort to such drastic steps. Some amicable solution needs to be arrived at," Justice Kulkarni said.
The judges further said, "Doctors take an oath that they will work in any condition. We understand that you are working in strained conditions but your profession is so sacred you cannot afford to go on strike."
"It is very painful to see patients and their relatives waiting outside hospitals. What if your (doctors) relatives face such a situation," Justice Chellur said.
After the HC's direction and the CM's appeal, the representatives of the protesting doctors went into a huddle to discuss the directive and the steps to be taken thereof.
The idea of an apex council was mooted at a meeting held by Fadnavis with representatives of Maharashtra Association of Resident Doctors (MARD to discuss the demands of the resident doctors.
Medical Education Minister Girish Mahajan, Health Minister Deepak Sawant, DGP Satish Mathur also attended the meeting.
The chief minister directed the authorities concerned that adequate security be provided to sensitive hospitals with armed policeman and installation of CCTV network.
If the doctors on duty were attacked the expenses for their legal and medical aid would be borne by the Government.
Earlier, in a statement in the state Assembly, Fadnavis urged the doctors to follow their professional ethics by serving the people.