The non-military forces will work to "swiftly reduce these levels of rising violence," Interior Minister Alfonso Navarrete told reporters, noting that neither the army nor navy was involved.
Topping the list of places the mostly federal police were reinforcing were the city of Tijuana in the northwest just south of the US city of San Diego and the popular Los Cabos resort area in Baja California Sur from Los Cabos to La Paz.
The states of Colima and Jalisco, and the city of Chilpancingo, which is Guerrero's state capital and one of the country's deadliest, will also see more troops.
Mexico is battling increasingly widespread violent crime linked to multiple factors. In 2017, more than 25,339 killings were reported, the worst since records began in 1997.
Since the federal government launched a huge multifront anti-drug operation in 2006, more than 200,000 people have been killed. Official figures do not specify how many are from organised crime such as drug cartels.