Mithali will also captain the side in the three-match T20 series, prior to the World Cup, against hosts Bangladesh from March 9.
Middle-order batswoman Harmanpreet Kaur will be the vice-captain.
India will take on Sri Lanka in their first match of the tournament on March 24 at Sylhet.
Other teams in India's pool include last edition runners-up England, hosts Bangladesh and West Indies.
Squad: Mithali Raj (Captain), Harmanpreet Kaur (Vice-Captain), Smriti Mandhana, V R Vanitha, Madhuri Meheta, Latika Kumari, Karuna Jain, Jhulan Goswami, Gouher Sultana, Soniya Dabir, Shikha Pandey, Poonam Yadav, Sravanthi Naidu, S Shubh Lakshmi