The group hoped that under Modi's leadership, India's ties with the US and Israel will expand further.
"The Prime Minister told the group that India is proud that it is acknowledged by all Jewish people that they were integral part of the Indian society for 2,000 years and never suffered discrimination," official sources said.
An influential American Jewish group had congratulated Modi soon after his electoral victory.
There was a plan for meeting between Modi and Palestine President Mahmoud Abbas but it could not take place as Abbas had to leave early, the sources said.
The Jewish population in India is estimated at around 5,000.