With his side leading 3-1 against Japan last night and virtually certain of their third straight victory in Group C, the veteran was introduced by coach Jose Pekerman in the 85th minute.
At 43 years and three days old he surpassed the record of Cameroon's Roger Milla, who played in a World Cup at 42 years and 39 days.
"It's a great moment at the end of a long journey to play a World Cup at 43 years old. Thanks to all my colleagues," said the veteran keeper, who said he was keeping the match ball "for my own private museum".
"Faryd has been a very important player for us," he said. "Since he joined the national team he has played a very important role in Colombia.
"With Faryd, we have a goalkeeper who has experience, who has already played at a World Cup and other players are pretty young, so it's good that he can share his experience with those younger players.