"The ECB confirms that Peter Moores has left his role as England head coach today (Saturday)," said a board statement.
The ECB said Andrew Strauss, their new director of cricket, had been involved in the decision to fire Moores along with ECB chief executive Tom Harrison.
"Peter is a man of great integrity and has offered a huge amount to England cricket," said Harrison in an ECB statement.
"This decision has been made as we focus on the future and our need to build the right approach and deliver success over the next five years within a new performance structure."
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Both Strauss's appointment and Moores's exit had been widely trailed in the British press and were announced in successive ECB statements today.
Moores has now lost the job of England coach on two occasions, having initially been fired from the post in 2009 after a bust-up with then captain Kevin Pietersen.
His second spell in charge, which came after he replaced Andy Flower following the team's 5-0 Ashes thrashing in Australia in 2014, lasted barely a year.
Afterwards came the recent 1-1 series draw in the Caribbean against a West Indies side labelled "mediocre" by incoming ECB chairman Colin Graves.
"At the moment it's difficult to put into words how I feel except to say how disappointed I am in the way my term as England coach has ended," said Moores in the same ECB statement that announced his exit.
"I will walk away knowing I've given my all to the role and always put the team at the front of any decision making," added Moores, whose tenure concluded with Friday's washed-out one-day international away to Ireland in Malahide.