"We no longer have any hope that the (summit) will address the weaknesses in humanitarian action and emergency response, particularly in conflict areas or epidemic situations," MSF said in a statement yesterday.
It charged that the summit, due to take place in Istanbul on May 23-24, would not address "serious gaps" in the response to the Ebola epidemic and the "serious restrictions placed by some states on humanitarian access, denying people basic services".
"We can no longer see how the (summit) will help the humanitarian sector to address the massive needs caused by continuing violence against patients and medical staff in Syria, Yemen and South Sudan," MSF said.
The charity also cited the plight of "civilians intent on fleeing being blocked at borders in Jordan, Turkey and Macedonia (and) the inhumane treatment of refugees and migrants desperately trying to find safe haven in Greece and Australia."
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The United Nations voiced disappointment with the MSF decision but said it was continuing "full speed ahead" with the summit.
"It's disappointing because I think the summit was going to deal with a lot of issues that are vital to MSF and on which MSF traditionally presents a strong and influential voice," UN spokesman Stephane Dujarric told a press briefing.
He said delegates will seek to strengthen conflict prevention, respect for international humanitarian law, the protection of civilians and health workers and providing unimpeded humanitarian access.
Last year alone, 75 hospitals managed or supported by the charity were bombed, the charity said without elaborating.