At 445,788 kilometres from Earth, the outpost would be far more remote than the current space station, which orbits a little more than 321 kilometres above Earth.
The distance raises complex questions of how to protect astronauts from the radiation of deep space - and of how to rescue them if something goes wrong, the Orlando Setinel reported.
NASA Chief Charlie Bolden had briefed the White House earlier this month on details of the proposal, but it's unclear whether it has the administration's support.
The price tag of the project is expected to run into billions of dollars.
Documents obtained by the paper show that NASA wants to build a small outpost - likely with parts left over from the USD 100 billion International Space Station