The Sri Lankan, who previously coached the Sydney Thunder Twenty20 team, has taken over from Australian Shane Jurgensen and his first assignment is this Sunday with the start of a three-match ODI series against India.
Jurgensen quit in April after presiding over a disastrous run at home, which saw Bangladesh thrashed by Sri Lanka in a limited-over series and humbled in the Asia Cup and ICC World Twenty20 despite being hosts.
Hathurusinghe, who has been handed a two-year contract, told reporters that he was targeting an improvement in all departments.
"There should be continuous success, not one or two series wins," he said at a press conference in the Bangladeshi capital Dhaka where all three of the 50-over matches against world champions India are taking place.
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"My main goal is to make sure that when my two years is finished, Bangladesh are in a good position to win matches at home and away," he added.
Hathurusinghe however insisted that there was reason for optimism.
"As long as we improve as a team, and if we train properly and keep the right environment for players to develop as individuals as well as players, I think the results will take care of itself," he said.
Hathurusinghe is taking up his position just eight months from the start of the next 50-over World Cup, being held in Australia and New Zealand.
Despite its poor record overall, Bangladesh has pulled off some notable shock World Cup victories and beat England last time round in 2011.
"If we prepare intelligently enough or specifically enough, we will go far. I am happy to be in the second round, that's my first goal.