Parliament's constitutional committee was meeting to discuss a government-backed proposal to strip MPs of their immunity, after last week's session also broke up in violence.
Television footage showed lawmakers from the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the pro-Kurdish Peoples' Democracy Party (HDP) fighting in the crammed committee room after a heated verbal confrontation.
Several MPs were seen jumping onto tables and then dive-bombing the crowd of opposing lawmakers on the other side.
Water bottles and other objects were hurled across the room in some of the worst fighting ever seen in the Turkish parliament, in a new sign of the severe political tensions in the country.
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The fracas prompted the president of the committee to delay the session until later on Monday. The head of the HDP's faction in parliament, Idris Baluken, dislocated his shoulder in the fighting, reports said.
The constitutional committee was due to discuss the AKP-backed plan to strip lawmakers of their parliamentary immunity.