The one-day old baby was spotted by labourers at a newly dug pit in Dongargaon village of this district at around 11 am, official sources said.
The labourers took her to the Civil Hospital at the nearby town of Sendhwa, they said.
As the child did not appear to be in good health, she was referred to Barwani District Hospital where she has been kept under observation in a special ward, Umesh Nagore, a doctor, told reporters.
The matter has been reported to police which is probing the incident.