The remains of the stone monument are buried under a thick, grassy bank and are thought to have been hauled into position more than 4,500 years ago.
The hidden arrangement of up to 90 huge standing stones formed part of a C-shaped Neolithic arena that bordered a dry valley and faced directly towards the river Avon.
Researchers used ground-penetrating radar to image about 30 intact stones measuring up to 4.5 metres tall.
"What we are starting to see is the largest surviving stone monument, preserved underneath a bank, that has ever been discovered in Britain and possibly in Europe," said Vince Gaffney, an archaeologist at Bradford University who leads the Stonehenge Hidden Landscape project.
Also Read
The recumbent stones were lost beneath a huge bank and were incorporated as a somewhat clumsy linear southern border to the otherwise circular "superhenge" known as Durrington Walls.
Over one and a half kilometres in circumference, Durrington Walls is one of the largest known henge monuments. It is surrounded by a ditch and a 40 metre-wide, one metre-tall outer bank.