Facing an uptick in violence from the jihadist group Boko Haram, Buhari - who came to power in late May - is expected to push for US help to tackle the insurgency and also improve trade, particularly in oil.
Top of the agenda "will be measures to strengthen and intensify bilateral and international cooperation against terrorism in Nigeria and west Africa", a statement from the Nigerian presidency said.
Relations between the two countries dipped late last year, under the regime of former Nigerian president Goodluck Jonathan, after Abuja considered US aid to fight Boko Haram insufficient.
The US State Department reacted swiftly, assuring that it would do what was needed to assist Nigeria.
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But it also expressed concern over respect for human rights and protection of civilians during military operations.
Jiti Ogunye, a Lagos-based human rights lawyer, said he expected Buhari's US visit to bring a "salutary rapprochement" between the two countries.
"Relations between Nigeria and US, which had not been too rosy before, should be reset by the visit. We expect a new tone in bilateral relations both in form and in content," he said.
US imports from Nigeria, mostly crude oil and other petroleum products, rose from more than 24 billion USD in 2005 to over 38 billion in 2008, but dropped sharply to less than four billion last year owing to America's shale energy revolution.