Faf du Plessis's side is presently 13 points behind Virat Kohli's team, which is sitting on top of the table on 124 points.
However, both the sides will finish on 118 points if the South Africa side makes a clean sweep of the series which starts in Cape Town on January 5, the International Cricket Council said in a statement.
On the other side of the coin, if India win all the three Tests of the series, then they will move to 128 points while South Africa will slip to 107 points.
South Africa will be level on points with India at the top of the rankings if they sweep the series. South Africa will be level on points with India at the top of the rankings if they sweep the series.
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If Australia win the series 4-0, then they will finish third on 104 points and England will end on fifth with 99 points, while a 3-1 series win for Australia will mean they will finish third on 102 points and England in fourth on 101 points.
In the rankings for Test batsmen, second-ranked India captain Virat Kohli will aim to break the 900-point mark for the first time in his career.
Cheteshwar Pujara is 20 points behind Kohli in third place, while Hashim Amla of South Africa is the other player who features in the top 10, in seventh position.
Among the bowlers, South Africa's Kagiso Rabada is breathing down number-one ranked James Anderson's neck. Second-ranked Rabada is nine points behind Anderson and depending on how the two bowlers perform in the coming days, there could potentially be a change at the top of the order.