"We consider that it is important for these conditions to be fulfilled, otherwise this deal between the EU and Turkey will not happen," Juncker told a forum organised by German broadcaster WDR.
"If Mr Erdogan wants to pursue his strategy, then he has to answer to the Turkish people why Europe is denying free travel to Turks. That's not my problem, that will be his problem."
But the EU has set 72 criteria for Turkey to meet in order to win visa liberalisation, among them is a condition for Ankara to change its anti-terror law.
Germany today also stepped up its calls for the anti-terror law to be amended, with Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier saying that in deciding whether to grant visa liberalisation, the EU is waiting to see "the readiness of Turkey to end persecution of journalists through the usage of an anti-terror law".
Separately, German Deputy Chancellor Sigmar Gabriel, speaking at a separate press conference, urged Ankara to "allow the opposition and journalists to do their jobs" rather than use the law to "brand them as terrorists and locked away".
But Erdogan today rebuffed the calls firmly, declaring that Turkey would not bow to the demand of amending its anti-terror law.
Instead, he accused the EU of "hypocrisy".
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