The rockets were fired off the North's east coast and flew about 70 kilometres over the Sea of Japan (East Sea), a ministry spokesman said.
The ministry said 10 rockets were fired at 6:20 pm, and eight more at 8:03 pm.
Seoul's military "has maintained a close watch for possible North Korean provocations", the spokesman said.
Yonhap news agency earlier reported that 10 short-range missiles were fired.
South Korean troops have increased vigilance following a series of rocket or missile launches in late February and this month.
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Pyongyang routinely condemns such war games as rehearsals for an invasion, while Seoul and Washington say they are purely defensive.
"We urge North Korea to stop provocative activities that will heighten military tension across the border," the spokesman said.
The North has defended its missile and rocket tests as justifiable self-defence drills.
South Korea has called the launches a "reckless provocation" while Washington urged Pyongyang to halt the tests immediately, saying they risked inflaming regional tensions.
Today's rocket launch came two days after the North's National Defence Commission threatened to demonstrate its nuclear deterrence.
"Additional measures will be taken to demonstrate its might one after another as long as the US nuclear threat and blackmail persist as now," the commission said in a statement.
"The US had better roll back its worn-out hostile policy towards (North Korea) as soon as possible and shape a new realistic policy before it is too late.