The factory is based in Kadi area of Mehsana district and has been identified by the agency to belong to a defaulting firm in the scam-- Ms N K Proteins.
"The estimated value of the attached oil plant is Rs 278.18 crore and attachment notices were served today to the firm after orders in this regard were made on March 10 under the provisions of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA)," ED officials said.
A top ED official in Mumbai, under which Ahmedabad zone falls, said "I don't rule out the possibility of some more attachments."
In December last year, the agency had attached a commercial property of the same firm worth Rs 14.22 crore which is based here.
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The agency, in the same case, also attached a rice mill in Ludhiana worth Rs 41 crore. The mill is owned by another accused firm involved in the scam.
The National Spot Exchange Limited's payment troubles started after it was ordered by regulator Forward Markets Commission (FMC) in July 2013 to suspend spot trade in most of its contracts due to suspected trading violations.
The exchange could not settle the outstanding trades, sparking investigation by the police and regulators to find out whether the exchange had defrauded traders by not enforcing rules requiring sufficient collateral to be set aside.