The incident happened in the second ball of the 25th over when Dhoni barged into Mustafizur while trying to steal a quick single. The left-arm pacer had come on the way of the Indian skipper and the powerful collision saw him leave the field to get some treatment.
Nasir Hossain then completed the over, before Mustafizur returned in the 37th over to dismiss Suresh Raina, R Ashwin and Ravindra Jadeja and complete his five wicket haul on debut.
"If I am going around the bowler, more often than not they'll get the batsman out. So either I should have moved to the right or he should have moved to the left but both of us thought maybe the other guy will, but we ended up with a, what you can say, a typical kind of a street clash. Thankfully he didn't get injured, and I didn't get injured.
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Mashrafe also did not want to drag the issue.
"Things like this can happen on the field during a match. We all shake hands at the end of the day and such situations can be discussed with the on-field umpires. It's nothing serious," he said.
India lost the first ODI by 79 runs at the Sher-e-Bangla National Cricket Stadium to allow Bangladesh take a 1-0 lead in the three-match series.